实例1
class Person:
# 相当于构造函数
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def say_hello(self):
print('Hello, how are you today?', self.name)
# 创建对象并调用对象的方法
p = Person('haha')
p.say_hello()
# 创建一个匿名对象并且调用它自己的方法
Person('Xiuxiu').say_hello()实例2
# coding = UTF-8
class Robot:
"""
表示一个带有名字的机器人
"""
# 定义一个类变量，用于统计机器人的数量
population = 0
def __init__(self, name):
"""初始化数据"""
self.name = name
print('(Initializing{})'.format(self.name))
# 对象创建以后数量就增加1
Robot.population += 1;
def die(self):
"""对象挂了"""
print("{} is being destroyed!".format(self.name))
Robot.population -= 1
if Robot.population == 0:
print('{} was the last one '.format(self.name))
else:
print('There are still {:d} robots working '.format(Robot.population))
def say_hi(self):
"""机器人的问候"""
print('Welcome'.format(self.name))
# 这是一个类方法，可以不用实例化就可以直接调用这个方法（相当于是一个静态方法）
@classmethod
def how_many(cls):
"""打印出当前的人口数量"""
print('We have {:d} robots'.format(cls.population))
droid1 = Robot("R2-D2")
droid1.say_hi()
Robot.how_many()
droid2 = Robot("C-3PO")
droid2.say_hi()
Robot.how_many()
print("\nRobots can do some work here.\n")
print("Robots have finished their work. So let's destroy them.")
droid1.die()
droid2.die()
Robot.how_many()
# 输出文档字符串
print(droid1.__doc__)实例3：对继承的理解
# coding = UTF-8
class SchoolMember:
'''代表任何学校里的成员。'''
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age
print('(Initialized SchoolMember: {})'.format(self.name))
def tell(self):
'''告诉我有关我的细节。'''
print('Name:"{}" Age:"{}"'.format(self.name, self.age), end=" ")
class Teacher(SchoolMember):
'''代表一位老师。'''
def __init__(self, name, age, salary):
# 开始实现继承
SchoolMember.__init__(self, name, age)
self.salary = salary
print('(Initialized Teacher: {})'.format(self.name))
def tell(self):
# 调用父类的函数
SchoolMember.tell(self)
print('Salary: "{:d}"'.format(self.salary))
class Student(SchoolMember):
'''代表一位学生。'''
def __init__(self, name, age, marks):
# 开始实现继承
SchoolMember.__init__(self, name, age)
self.marks = marks
print('(Initialized Student: {})'.format(self.name))
def tell(self):
# 调用父类的函数
SchoolMember.tell(self)
print('Marks: "{:d}"'.format(self.marks))
t = Teacher('Mrs. Shrividya', 40, 30000)
s = Student('Swaroop', 25, 75)
# 打印一行空白行
print()
members =
for member in members:
# 对全体师生工作
member.tell()
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